Understanding ADHD Early: IPB University Psychiatrist Explains Symptoms and Treatment
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can affect academic and social functions, as well as a person’s performance in the professional world.
A psychiatrist who is also a lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine, IPB University, dr Riati Sri Hartini, SpKJ, MSc, explained that a proper understanding of symptoms, consultation timing, and ADHD management is key to preventing more serious long term impacts.
In her explanation, dr Riati stated, “ADHD sufferers generally experience difficulty focusing attention and are very easily distracted by minor stimuli in their surroundings. They often do not complete tasks thoroughly and appear as if they are not listening when spoken to.”
In addition to attention deficits, ADHD sufferers also tend to be restless, unable to stay still, and move excessively even in situations demanding calmness. Impulsive behaviors, such as interrupting conversations or being impatient when waiting for a turn, also frequently occur.
Furthermore, dr Riati emphasized that a consultation with a doctor should be sought immediately if ADHD symptoms appear before the age of 12 and persist continuously for six months or more.
She added that another important sign is when these symptoms appear in more than one environment, such as at home, school, or the workplace.
“Consultation becomes paramount when symptoms have disrupted social function, academic achievement, and work performance, to the point of causing severe stress,” she explained.
ADHD, according to dr Riati, can have a significant impact on both academic achievement and professional performance. Sufferers often struggle to maintain focus while studying or working, resulting in tasks not being completed on time and a decline in academic results.
This condition also affects motivation and persistence in carrying out daily activities. “If not handled appropriately, the risk of academic or career failure can increase,” she said.
Regarding management, dr Riati explained that ADHD is treated multimodally by combining medication and non-medication therapies. Behavioral therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) are recommended to train self regulation, emotion, and executive functions.
From a medical standpoint, doctors can prescribe medications such as methylphenidate or atomoxetine to help improve focus and control impulsivity. Environmental modification, family support, and the implementation of a healthy lifestyle also play important roles in helping to stabilize symptoms.
dr Riati emphasized that while impulsivity and unpunctuality are indeed symptoms of ADHD, they do not always indicate that a person is definitely experiencing the condition.
“An ADHD diagnosis must be conducted by a professional using clear and comprehensive criteria,” she stated. (dr) (IAAS/HNF)
