What Is the Microbiome and What Are Its Benefits for Humans, IPB University Academics Give the Following Explanation
The microbiome, a collection of microorganisms that live in the human body, actually plays a significant role in maintaining health from birth until the end of life.
Professor at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) of IPB University, Prof Antonius Suwanto, revealed this in an episode of the IPB Podcast on the IPB TV YouTube channel titled “Microbiome, a Lifelong Friend.”
“Our body is not just a collection of cells, but also inhabited by various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and yeast. All microorganisms that are associated with our body and are generally beneficial, that is what is called the microbiome,” explained Prof Antonius.
According to him, the microbiome is spread across the skin, mouth, and even the large intestine. In fact, almost half of human feces’ weight consists of bacteria. “The large intestine is like a metropolis for bacteria. In one gram of feces, there can be about one trillion bacteria,” he added.
Prof Antonius emphasized that living too cleanly is not always good. Children who often play in mud or water in villages actually have a stronger immune system compared to children who live in a very sterile environment. “If things are too hygienic, the body’s defense system is not trained,” he said.
He also explained that the microbiome first appears as soon as a baby is born. Babies born normally through the vagina will immediately get bacteria from their mothers. “These bacteria from the mother are important. There is research showing a connection with the risk of autism or autoimmune diseases in babies born by caesarean section without exposure to natural microbiomes,” he said.
Furthermore, the microbiome is also related to mental health. Microorganisms in the gut produce dopamine and serotonin that affect the brain. “A healthy gut will support a healthy brain. That’s why there is the saying, happy tummy, happy life,” he revealed.
To maintain microbiome balance, Prof Antonius recommends consuming fibrous foods and traditional fermented products, such as tempeh, tape, or yogurt. “Fibrous foods provide nutrients for gut bacteria, while fermented foods directly introduce beneficial microorganisms into the body,” he explained.
He also reminded the public not to overuse antiseptics or disinfectants. “Normal bacteria on the skin or in the gut protect us from harmful bacteria. If they are excessively eliminated, it actually gives space to harmful bacteria,” he said.
Prof Antonius concluded with a message that the microbiome is a true friend of the human body. “Microorganisms are not enemies, but protectors that keep us healthy. Therefore, maintain their balance through diet, lifestyle, and interaction with nature,” he concluded. (Fj) (IAAS/KMR)
