Professor of IPB: Besides AI, IBD is also eyeing Poultry
Avian Influenza (AI) is a disease that has a major impact on various aspects of life. AI disease has a high mortality rate in poultry, is zoonotic and can spread rapidly. Besides AI, there is another disease that can reduce the body's immune, which leads the poultry to become susceptible to other infectious diseases and cause vaccination failure. This was conveyed by Professor of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FKH) of Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Prof. drh. Agus Setiono, MS, PhD APVet, in his Scientific Oration at Andi Hakim Nasoetion Auditorium, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor (20/1).
"The disease is Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD). The diagnosis of IBD can be known by looking at a typical anatomical pathology change, i.e. the damage of Fabricius (bursitis) and muscle inflammation (myositis). Effective control of IBD is by regular vaccination accompanied by a good biosecurity program," he said.
Since 2001, Prof. Agus has developed the manufacture of monoclonal IBD antibodies to prevent IBD virus infection in target cells. These antibodies can inhibit the site of attachment of IBD virus presenting in the host cell, so the virus cannot attach to the receptor.
"The IBD monoclonal antibodies we developed successfully provide protection of 51 percent of IBD incidence," he explained.
In addition to IBD, there is also Necrotic Enteritis (NE) disease caused by Clostridium perfringens type A bacteria. This disease can be found in the human and animal digestive tract. Bacteria infect the intestines by producing alpha toxins that cause chicken intestine damage, so the absorption of nutrients becomes inefficient, the productivity will decrease and it can even cause death.
Meanwhile, AI disease had resulted in death in humans. The amount was approximately 80 percent of the total reported cases. In Indonesia, there were 500 identified positive birds infected with H5N1 from 2010-2011 period. In the past ten years, there had been 10,000 cases of AI attacks and caused considerable economic losses.
Prof. Agus then developed an herbal medicine that utilizes a combination of medicinal plants (sambiloto, Celebes pepper, fennel and pink and blue ginger) to help the performance of AI vaccine. This combination of medicinal plants proved to be effective in strengthening the work of the AI vaccine to stimulate the formation of immunity in poultry.
"These findings have received appreciation from the government through the Ministry of Research and Technology of Indonesia on the program of 104 Indonesian Innovations which are prospectively commercialized. Other findings that can also be awarded are polyclonal antibodies Coxiella burnetii developed as an accurate, practical and economic prototype of rapid detection tool of Q fever disease in the field. Q fever is a disease caused by bacteria C. burnetti, the cause of abortion in animals and health degradation in humans," he explained.
From these findings, Prof. Dr. Agus said that biomedical research shows a strong contribution in providing basic information on the development of advanced research and disease diagnostic systems in animals. (TK)
